Analisis Keberlanjutan Kebijakan Ekonomi “America First” pada Pemerintahan Presiden Biden Terhadap Perekonomian Amerika Serikat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32781/cakrawala.v19i2.841Keywords:
America First, Proteksionisme, Presiden Joe Biden, Kebijakan Ekonomi, Amerika Serikat, US-China TradeAbstract
Presiden Biden memutuskan melanjutkan beberapa elemen proteksionis dari kebijakan ekonomi “America First” dengan pendekatan lebih diplomatis, yang semakin jelas terlihat setelah satu tahun menjabat. Keputusan ini bertentangan dengan janji kampanyenya yang mengkritik kebijakan proteksionisme Presiden Trump dan berjanji akan melakukan perubahan dengan memperkuat sistem perdagangan multilateral. Namun, data dari CBP adanya peningkatkan total impor ke Amerika Serikat, sehingga penting untuk dipahami lebih dalam alasan dibalik keputusan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan teori Neoclassical Realism oleh Gideon Rose, penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana persepsi elite melihat masalah sistem internasional dan domestik dapat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan kebijakan ekonomi “America First” sebagai respons terhadap ancaman yang diterima. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa adanya pengaruh dari variabel-variabel tersebut menjadikan kebijakan ekonomi yang dilakukan Presiden Biden berbeda dengan janji kampanyenya. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa keputusan Presiden Biden mempertahankan proteksionisme ini merupakan respons terhadap dinamika global, terutama persaingan dengan China dan kondisi domestik, meskipun dilakukan dengan pendekatan polite protectionisme.
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